Archive:Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers statistics - NACE Rev. 2
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- Data from April 2013. Most recent data: Further Eurostat information, Main tables and Database.
This article presents an overview of statistics for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector in the European Union (EU), as covered by NACE Rev. 2 Division 29.
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(% share of sectoral total) - Source: Eurostat (sbs_na_ind_r2)
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(% share of sectoral total) - Source: Eurostat (sbs_sc_ind_r2)
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Main statistical findings
Structural profile
The motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector (Division 29) in the EU-27 comprised 20.5 thousand enterprises in 2010, just 0.1 % of the total for the whole of the non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95). There were 2.17 million persons employed in the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector in 2010 and together they generated EUR 141.1 billion of value added — these figures represented 1.6 % of the non-financial business economy workforce and 2.4 % of total value added in the non-financial business economy. In employment and value added terms, the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was the fourth largest NACE division within the EU-27’s manufacturing (Section C) sector, contributing 8.9 % of manufacturing value added and 7.2 % of the manufacturing workforce in 2010.
Apparent labour productivity in the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was EUR 65.0 thousand per person employed in 2010, well above the manufacturing (EUR 52.8 thousand) and non-financial business economy (EUR 44.8 thousand) averages. Average personnel costs were also relatively high, at EUR 44.2 thousand per employee, for the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector compared with an average of EUR 30.9 thousand per employee for the whole of the non-financial business economy and EUR 35.8 thousand per employee for manufacturing.
These high average personnel costs and apparent labour productivity combined to produce an EU-27 wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio of 146.8 %, midway between the non-financial business economy (144.8 %) and manufacturing (148.0 %) averages.
Despite this relatively middle range wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio, the EU-27’s gross operating rate (the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover) for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was relatively low, at 6.2 % in 2010; this was the third lowest level of profitability (using this measure) for the EU-27 among any of the manufacturing NACE divisions.
Sectoral analysis
The EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector is dominated by two large subsectors, namely motor vehicle manufacturing (Group 29.1) and motor vehicle parts and accessories manufacturing (Group 29.3), which together contributed more than nine tenths of the sector’s employment and value added in 2010. The third subsector, the manufacture of motor vehicle bodies, trailers and semi-trailers (Group 29.2) employed 7.3 % of the EU-27 workforce and contributed 4.7 % of EU-27 value added.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the contributions of each of the two largest subsectors to the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing total varied greatly depending on the indicator used for the analysis; this diversity impacted on the derived indicators concerning productivity, as shown in Table 2b. The high share of sectoral value added in the motor vehicles manufacturing subsector was reflected in an apparent labour productivity ratio that, at EUR 90.0 thousand of value added per person employed for the EU-27 in 2010, was well above the manufacturing average (EUR 52.8 thousand). The two other subsectors recorded apparent labour productivity ratios below the manufacturing average and, in the case of the manufacture of motor vehicle bodies, trailers and semi-trailers, also below the non-financial business economy average (EUR 44.8 thousand per person employed). A slightly different situation could be observed for average personnel costs: again the motor vehicles manufacturing subsector recorded the highest level, but the two other subsectors recorded average personnel costs that were between the non-financial business economy average (EUR 30.9 thousand per employee) and the manufacturing average (EUR 35.8 thousand).
Despite relatively high average personnel costs for the EU-27’s motor vehicles manufacturing subsector, the high apparent labour productivity in this subsector resulted in a wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio of 152.0 %, the highest among the three subsectors and above the non-financial business economy (144.8 %) and manufacturing (148.0 %) averages; the two other subsectors recorded wage-adjusted labour productivity ratios that were below both of these benchmarks.
All three of the subsectors recorded relatively low gross operating rates in the EU-27 in 2010, ranging from 5.6 % for the manufacture of motor vehicle bodies, trailers and semi-trailers subsector to 7.3 % for the vehicle parts and accessories manufacturing subsector. None of these rates reached the 9.0 % average for the whole of the EU-27’s manufacturing sector in 2010.
Country analysis
German value added in the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was EUR 66.8 billion in 2010, equivalent to 47.4 % of the EU-27 total; this was the highest share of EU-27 value added recorded by Germany in 2010 in any of the non-financial business economy NACE divisions (with data available). Within the motor vehicles manufacturing subsector, the German share of EU-27 value added was even higher, rising to 53.6 % of the total. In the two remaining subsectors, Germany also had the highest share of value added, with more than one quarter (29.1 %) of the EU-27 total for the manufacture of motor vehicle bodies, trailers and semi-trailers and more than one third (36.3 %) of the EU-27 total for vehicle parts and accessories manufacturing. The Czech Republic’s contribution to EU-27 value added in the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was 3.7 %, and this was the Czech Republic’s second highest share in 2010 among all of the NACE divisions within the non-financial business economy.
Unsurprisingly, the Czech Republic was the most specialised EU Member State in the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector, as this sector contributed 6.3 % of its non-financial business economy value added, although this share was closely followed by the 6.2 % share recorded for Hungary. The next most specialised Member States, in value added terms, were Germany and Slovakia, where the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector contributed 5.1 % of non-financial business economy value added in 2010, followed at some distance by Romania (3.3 %), Slovenia, Sweden and Poland (all 2.7 %). In all of the remaining Member States (no data available for Greece, Luxembourg or Malta), the contribution of the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector to non-financial business economy value added was less than the 2.4 % average for the whole of the EU-27. The least specialised Member States in 2010 were Cyprus, Ireland, Denmark, Latvia, Lithuania and Finland, where the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector’s share of non-financial business economy value added was less than 0.5 %, as it was also in Norway, Croatia (both 2010) and Switzerland (2009 data).
The middle of the range wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio recorded for the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector reflected a wide range of ratios across the individual Member States. Cyprus recorded a ratio below 100 %, indicating that apparent labour productivity was less than average personnel costs per employee. France also recorded a low wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector, at 114.7 %, more than 10 percentage points lower than the next lowest ratio which was 125.4 % in Ireland. At the other end of the scale, six Member States in central and eastern Europe recorded wage-adjusted labour productivity ratios of 200 % or more, reaching a peak of 254.4 % in Lithuania and 295.1 % in Hungary. A small majority of the Member States reported wage-adjusted labour productivity ratios for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector that were above their national non-financial business economy averages in 2010.
Whereas Cyprus had recorded a wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio below 100 % for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector in 2010, its gross operating rate was one of the highest at 12.3 %. By contrast, France had reported the second lowest wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio and this was accompanied by the lowest gross operating rate, at 1.8 %. Overall, the highest gross operating rates within the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector were reported by the three Baltic Member States, peaking at 17.5 % in Lithuania. The Baltic Member States and Hungary were the only countries to report gross operating rates for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector that were above their national non-financial business economy averages in 2010; the gross operating rate for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector in the Czech Republic matched the national average (10.0 %).
Size class analysis
The EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was one of five manufacturing NACE divisions which were dominated by large enterprises (employing 250 or more persons). Large enterprises employed 81.7 % of the sectoral workforce and generated 87.7 % of total value added, which marked the third highest shares for large enterprises across any of the manufacturing NACE divisions in 2010. Extending the comparison, the relative importance of the contribution made by large enterprises to the total value added within the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector was the fifth highest share recorded across all of the NACE divisions within the non-financial business economy and the sixth highest share in relation to their share of total employment. Due to the higher share in value added terms, large enterprises not only dominated the EU-27’s motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector, but they also had by far the highest apparent labour productivity: EUR 69.7 thousand per person employed compared with an average for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs, employing fewer than 250 persons) of EUR 43.9 thousand per person employed.
The value added share of large enterprises within the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector reached 93.6 % in Germany in 2010, with a further four EU Member States recording shares for this size class that were above 90.0 %. In only four of the Member States was the value added share of large enterprises below 50.0 %, namely, Finland, Denmark, Cyprus and Latvia, with the latter two indicating they had no large enterprises active in the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector.
Data sources and availability
The analysis presented in this article is based on the main dataset for structural business statistics (SBS) and size class data, all of which are published annually.
The main series provides information for each EU Member State as well as a number of non-member countries at a detailed level according to the activity classification NACE. Data are available for a wide range of variables.
In structural business statistics, size classes are generally defined by the number of persons employed. A limited set of the standard structural business statistics variables (for example, the number of enterprises, turnover, persons employed and value added) are analysed by size class, mostly down to the three-digit (group) level of NACE. The main size classes used in this article for presenting the results are:
- small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): with 1 to 249 persons employed, further divided into;
- micro enterprises: with less than 10 persons employed;
- small enterprises: with 10 to 49 persons employed;
- medium-sized enterprises: with 50 to 249 persons employed;
- large enterprises: with 250 or more persons employed.
Context
This article presents an overview of statistics for the motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers manufacturing sector in the EU, as covered by NACE Rev. 2 Division 29. This division includes the manufacture of motor vehicles for transporting passengers or freight, the manufacture of trailers and semi-trailers, and the manufacture of various parts and accessories.
Motor vehicles include passenger cars, commercial vehicles (vans, lorries and over-the-road tractors for semi-trailers), coaches, buses, trolley-buses, snowmobiles, golf carts, amphibious vehicles, fire engines, street sweepers, travelling libraries, armoured cars, concrete-mixer lorries, ATVs, go-carts and race cars. Also included are motor vehicle engines (other than electric ones) and chassis.
This NACE division is composed of three groups:
- the manufacture of motor vehicles (Group 29.1);
- the manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles; manufacture of trailers and semitrailers (Group 29.2);
- the manufacture of motor vehicle parts and accessories (Group 29.3).
Excluded from the statistics that are presented in this article are specialist agricultural or industrial machinery (such as agricultural tractors or off-road dumping trucks) which are classified to machinery and equipment (Division 28) and tanks and other military fighting vehicles which are classified to the manufacture of other transport equipment (Division 30). The maintenance and repair of vehicles produced in this activity are classified to motor trades (Division 45).
See also
- Manufacturing
- Other analyses of the business economy by NACE Rev. 2 sector
- Structural business statistics introduced
Further Eurostat information
Publications
- European business - facts and figures (online publication)
- Key figures on European Business – with a special feature section on SMEs – 2011 edition
Main tables
Database
- SBS - industry and construction (sbs_ind_co)
- Annual detailed enterprise statistics - industry and construction (sbs_na_ind)
- Annual detailed enterprise statistics for industry (NACE Rev. 2 B-E) (sbs_na_ind_r2)
- SMEs - Annual enterprise statistics by size class - industry and construction (sbs_sc_ind)
- Industry by employment size class (NACE Rev. 2 B-E) (sbs_sc_ind_r2)
- Annual detailed enterprise statistics - industry and construction (sbs_na_ind)
- SBS - regional data - all activities (sbs_r)
- SBS data by NUTS 2 regions and NACE Rev. 2 (from 2008 onwards) (sbs_r_nuts06_r2)
Dedicated section
Source data for tables and figures (MS Excel)
Other information
- Decision 1578/2007/EC of 11 December 2007 on the Community Statistical Programme 2008 to 2012
- Regulation 295/2008 of 11 March 2008 concerning structural business statistics
External links
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- including car price reports