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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Unit G6: Trade in services; Globalisation |
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1.5. Contact mail address | 5 rue Alphonse Weicker 2920 Luxembourg LUXEMBOURG |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 17/04/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 17/04/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 17/04/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
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3.2. Classification system | |||
In the 2007 collection round, the economic activity classification used is the NACE Rev 1.1. In the 2011, 2018 and 2021 this was replaced by NACE Rev 2. Definitions, units etc. come from official sources e.g. balance of payments manual as far as possible. Specific definitions needed forthe latest data collection are defined in the Global value chains Task Force, whose members have been the participating countries, chaired by Eurostat. The country codes used are from the geographical classification ISO3166 |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
2007: NACE Rev.1.1. Sections C to K excluding Section J 2011: NACE Rev.2. Sections B to N excluding Section K (non-financial business economy) 2018: NACE Rev.2. Sections B to N excluding Section K (non-financial business economy) 2021: NACE Rev.2. Sections B to N (business economy) |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
The statistical unit for international sourcing is the enterprise. In practice, many countries report data on the legal unit, which in most cases coincides with the enterprise. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
In the 2007 data colleciton, the international sourcing statistics cover NACE Rev.1.1 (Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community) sections C to I and K, which broadly speaking covers Non-financial market activities. Spain covered only sections G, H, I and K. Accordingly, Spanish data is neither included in the EU Non-financial market aggregate (C to I and K) nor in the EU special aggregate over sections C, E, F, G, H, I, and K, but is included in the EU separate aggregates for sections G, H, I and K. The data refers to enterprises with more than 100 persons employed only. In the 2011 and 2018 data collection, the international sourcing statistics cover NACE Rev 2 sections B-N excluding K which, just as in the 2007 data collection, broadly speaking covers Non-financial market activities. In the 2021 data collection, the international sourcing and GVC statistics cover NACE Rev 2 sections B-N, which broadly speaking covers the business economy. All of the participating countries which did not carry out a census survey have reported data grossed to the enterprise population level, except for Austrian data, which is not grossed, but rather is the actual data received from enterprises on the sample level. Because of this restricted comparability with other countries' data it is recommended to use percentage shares instead of absolute values in case of the Austrian data. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
In the 2007 data collection round, data has been collected on a voluntary basis for 13 countries: Germany, Czech Republic, Netherlands, Denmark, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Finland, Slovenia, Sweden, the United Kingdom and Norway. In the 2011 data collection round, data has been collected on a voluntary basis for 15 countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, France, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Finland, Slovakia, Sweden and Norway. In the 2018 data collection round, data has been collected on a voluntary basis for 16 countries: Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden and Norway. In the 2021 data collection round, data has been collected on a voluntary basis for 17 countries: Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and Norway. French data will be published by the end of 2022. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
There have been four data collections in total. The first data collection covers the period 2001-2006. The reference year displayed is 2007. The second data collection covers the period 2009-2011. The reference year displayed is 2011. For enterprise characteristics that can change within the reference period the situation at the end of the reference period is meant. The third data collection covers two periods from 2014-2017 (either 2014-2016 or 2015-2017). The reference year displayed is 2018. The fourth data collection round (2021) covers the reference period 2018-2020 for international sourcing statistics and only the year 2020 for GVC arrangements and the COVID-19 impact statistics. The reference year displayed is 2021. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable. |
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Units (enterprises) Percentages (number of enterprises in %) |
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The basic reference period is the year. Data referred to observe international sourcing in the period 2001-2006 and future plans was collected in 2007. The number of enterprises refers therefore to the situation in reference year 2007. For the number of jobs lost and created refers to the period 2001-2006. Data referred to observe international sourcing in the period 2009-2011 did no longer contain future plans and was collected in 2011. The number of enterprises refers therefore to the situation in reference year 2011. For the number of jobs lost refers to the period 2009-2011. The third data collection (2018) observed two periods, left for the participating country to choose - either 2014-2016 or 2015-2017. The number of enterprises refers to the situation in the latest year of the covered period (either 2016 or 2017). Number of jobs relocated abroad or created are reported for the entire period. The fourth data collection round (2021) covers the reference period 2018-2020 for international sourcing statistics and only the year 2020 for GVC arrangements and the COVID-19 impact statistics. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recital 24 and Article 20(4)) of 11 March 2009 (OJ L 87, p. 164), stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
Not available. |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
In line with the Community legal framework and the European Statistics Code of Practice Eurostat disseminates European statistics on Eurostat's website (see Principle 15 - 'Accessibility and clarity') respecting professional independence and in an objective, professional and transparent manner in which all users are treated equitably. The detailed arrangements are governed by the Eurostat protocol on impartial access to Eurostat data for users. |
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Varied period. Future plans are for a triennial dissemination. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
News item released on 5 October 2022. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Globalisation patterns in EU trade and investment. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Online database Global value chains and international sourcing statistics - experimental statistics is available without restrictions. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not relevant. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
The Statistics Explained article International sourcing, global value chains and business functions contains an analysis and a visual presentation of data. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
No methodological manual is available. The data was collected by means of a statistical survey. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Not applicable |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
This information is not available |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
This information is not available |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
The international sourcing project was undertaken to respond to identified needs from policy-makers and academics. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
No user satisfaction survey was undertaken |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The participation in the project was on a voluntary basis and therefore data is not available for all Member States. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
This information is not available. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
This information is not available. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
This information is not available. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
This information is not available. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
The comparibility of all three surveys is limited due to the different number of reference years covered. The first survey covers six years (2001-2006) whereas the second and the third survey cover three years (2009-2011 and either 2014-2016 or 2015-2017). Additionally, the enterprises in the sample in the first and second surveys were only those that employ more than 100 people, whilst the third survey sampled enterprises employing more than 50 people. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
The data is relatively consist with the Structural Business Statistics. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
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This information is not available. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
Eurostat accepts revisions of data. However, as this is a once off ad hoc data collection revisions are unlikely. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
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18.1. Source data | |||
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Ad-hoc surveys in 2007, 2012, 2018 and 2021. Future plans are for a triennial data collection. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
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18.4. Data validation | |||
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
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None |
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IS-GVC Survey 2018 - Definitions IS-GVC Survey 2018 - Questionnaire GVC Survey 2021 - Definitions GVC Survey 2021 - Questionnaire template and instruction GVC Survey 2021 - Implementation of the statistical unit Enterprise GVC Survey 2021 - Technical specifications |
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